3.2.66 \(\int \frac {1}{x^2 (3+4 x^3+x^6)} \, dx\) [166]

3.2.66.1 Optimal result
3.2.66.2 Mathematica [A] (verified)
3.2.66.3 Rubi [A] (verified)
3.2.66.4 Maple [C] (verified)
3.2.66.5 Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)
3.2.66.6 Sympy [C] (verification not implemented)
3.2.66.7 Maxima [A] (verification not implemented)
3.2.66.8 Giac [A] (verification not implemented)
3.2.66.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

3.2.66.1 Optimal result

Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 119 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=-\frac {1}{3 x}+\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {1-2 x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2 \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{3^{5/6}}\right )}{6\ 3^{5/6}}+\frac {1}{6} \log (1+x)-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt [3]{3}+x\right )}{18 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {1}{12} \log \left (1-x+x^2\right )+\frac {\log \left (3^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{3} x+x^2\right )}{36 \sqrt [3]{3}} \]

output
-1/3/x-1/18*3^(1/6)*arctan(1/3*(3^(1/3)-2*x)*3^(1/6))+1/6*ln(1+x)-1/54*3^( 
2/3)*ln(3^(1/3)+x)-1/12*ln(x^2-x+1)+1/108*3^(2/3)*ln(3^(2/3)-3^(1/3)*x+x^2 
)+1/6*arctan(1/3*(1-2*x)*3^(1/2))*3^(1/2)
 
3.2.66.2 Mathematica [A] (verified)

Time = 0.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 118, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.99 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=-\frac {36+6 \sqrt [6]{3} x \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{3^{5/6}}\right )+18 \sqrt {3} x \arctan \left (\frac {-1+2 x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )-18 x \log (1+x)+2\ 3^{2/3} x \log \left (3+3^{2/3} x\right )+9 x \log \left (1-x+x^2\right )-3^{2/3} x \log \left (3-3^{2/3} x+\sqrt [3]{3} x^2\right )}{108 x} \]

input
Integrate[1/(x^2*(3 + 4*x^3 + x^6)),x]
 
output
-1/108*(36 + 6*3^(1/6)*x*ArcTan[(3^(1/3) - 2*x)/3^(5/6)] + 18*Sqrt[3]*x*Ar 
cTan[(-1 + 2*x)/Sqrt[3]] - 18*x*Log[1 + x] + 2*3^(2/3)*x*Log[3 + 3^(2/3)*x 
] + 9*x*Log[1 - x + x^2] - 3^(2/3)*x*Log[3 - 3^(2/3)*x + 3^(1/3)*x^2])/x
 
3.2.66.3 Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 0.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 140, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.18, number of steps used = 13, number of rules used = 12, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.750, Rules used = {1704, 25, 1834, 821, 16, 1142, 25, 1082, 217, 1083, 217, 1103}

Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.

\(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (x^6+4 x^3+3\right )} \, dx\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1704

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \int -\frac {x \left (x^3+4\right )}{x^6+4 x^3+3}dx-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle -\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {x \left (x^3+4\right )}{x^6+4 x^3+3}dx-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1834

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {x}{x^3+3}dx-\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {x}{x^3+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 821

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {\int \frac {x+\sqrt [3]{3}}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{x+\sqrt [3]{3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {x+1}{x^2-x+1}dx-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{x+1}dx\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 16

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {\int \frac {x+\sqrt [3]{3}}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {x+1}{x^2-x+1}dx-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1142

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {\frac {3}{2} \sqrt [3]{3} \int \frac {1}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx+\frac {1}{2} \int -\frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {1}{x^2-x+1}dx+\frac {1}{2} \int -\frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 25

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {\frac {3}{2} \sqrt [3]{3} \int \frac {1}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {1}{x^2-x+1}dx-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1082

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {3 \int \frac {1}{-\left (1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}\right )^2-3}d\left (1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {1}{x^2-x+1}dx-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 217

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {3}{2} \int \frac {1}{x^2-x+1}dx-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1083

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx-3 \int \frac {1}{-(2 x-1)^2-3}d(2 x-1)\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 217

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {\sqrt [3]{3}-2 x}{x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}}dx-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {2 x-1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )-\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {1-2 x}{x^2-x+1}dx\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

\(\Big \downarrow \) 1103

\(\displaystyle \frac {1}{3} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {\frac {1}{2} \log \left (x^2-\sqrt [3]{3} x+3^{2/3}\right )-\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1-\frac {2 x}{\sqrt [3]{3}}}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}-\frac {\log \left (x+\sqrt [3]{3}\right )}{3 \sqrt [3]{3}}\right )-\frac {3}{2} \left (\frac {1}{3} \left (\sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {2 x-1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \log \left (x^2-x+1\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3} \log (x+1)\right )\right )-\frac {1}{3 x}\)

input
Int[1/(x^2*(3 + 4*x^3 + x^6)),x]
 
output
-1/3*1/x + ((-3*(-1/3*Log[1 + x] + (Sqrt[3]*ArcTan[(-1 + 2*x)/Sqrt[3]] + L 
og[1 - x + x^2]/2)/3))/2 + (-1/3*Log[3^(1/3) + x]/3^(1/3) + (-(Sqrt[3]*Arc 
Tan[(1 - (2*x)/3^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]]) + Log[3^(2/3) - 3^(1/3)*x + x^2]/2)/(3*3 
^(1/3)))/2)/3
 

3.2.66.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used

rule 16
Int[(c_.)/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c*(Log[RemoveContent[a + 
b*x, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x]
 

rule 25
Int[-(Fx_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Identity[-1]   Int[Fx, x], x]
 

rule 217
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2])^( 
-1))*ArcTan[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[-a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] & 
& (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
 

rule 821
Int[(x_)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-(3*Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3])^(- 
1)   Int[1/(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x), x], x] + Simp[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]) 
 Int[(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x)/(Rt[a, 3]^2 - Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]*x + Rt[b, 3]^2 
*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
 

rule 1082
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*S 
implify[a*(c/b^2)]}, Simp[-2/b   Subst[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + 2*c*(x/b 
)], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] ||  !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /; Fre 
eQ[{a, b, c}, x]
 

rule 1083
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-2   Subst[I 
nt[1/Simp[b^2 - 4*a*c - x^2, x], x], x, b + 2*c*x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, 
x]
 

rule 1103
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S 
imp[d*(Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x + c*x^2, x]]/b), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, 
e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]
 

rule 1142
Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> S 
imp[(2*c*d - b*e)/(2*c)   Int[1/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] + Simp[e/(2*c) 
Int[(b + 2*c*x)/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x]
 

rule 1704
Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^(n2_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_ 
Symbol] :> Simp[(d*x)^(m + 1)*((a + b*x^n + c*x^(2*n))^(p + 1)/(a*d*(m + 1) 
)), x] - Simp[1/(a*d^n*(m + 1))   Int[(d*x)^(m + n)*(b*(m + n*(p + 1) + 1) 
+ c*(m + 2*n*(p + 1) + 1)*x^n)*(a + b*x^n + c*x^(2*n))^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{ 
a, b, c, d, p}, x] && EqQ[n2, 2*n] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && IGtQ[n, 0] && 
LtQ[m, -1] && IntegerQ[p]
 

rule 1834
Int[(((f_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^(n_)))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_) + 
 (c_.)*(x_)^(n2_)), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Simp[(e/2 + 
 (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q))   Int[(f*x)^m/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^n), x], x] + Simp[(e/2 
 - (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q))   Int[(f*x)^m/(b/2 + q/2 + c*x^n), x], x]] /; FreeQ 
[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m}, x] && EqQ[n2, 2*n] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && IGtQ[n 
, 0]
 
3.2.66.4 Maple [C] (verified)

Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 3.

Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 61, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.51

method result size
risch \(-\frac {1}{3 x}+\frac {\ln \left (x +1\right )}{6}-\frac {\ln \left (x^{2}-x +1\right )}{12}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \left (x -\frac {1}{2}\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}\right )}{6}+\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (3 \textit {\_Z}^{3}+1\right )}{\sum }\textit {\_R} \ln \left (3 \textit {\_R}^{2}+x \right )\right )}{18}\) \(61\)
default \(\frac {\ln \left (x +1\right )}{6}-\frac {3^{\frac {2}{3}} \ln \left (3^{\frac {1}{3}}+x \right )}{54}+\frac {3^{\frac {2}{3}} \ln \left (3^{\frac {2}{3}}-3^{\frac {1}{3}} x +x^{2}\right )}{108}+\frac {3^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {2 \,3^{\frac {2}{3}} x}{3}-1\right )}{3}\right )}{18}-\frac {\ln \left (x^{2}-x +1\right )}{12}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {\left (2 x -1\right ) \sqrt {3}}{3}\right )}{6}-\frac {1}{3 x}\) \(89\)

input
int(1/x^2/(x^6+4*x^3+3),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
 
output
-1/3/x+1/6*ln(x+1)-1/12*ln(x^2-x+1)-1/6*3^(1/2)*arctan(2/3*(x-1/2)*3^(1/2) 
)+1/18*sum(_R*ln(3*_R^2+x),_R=RootOf(3*_Z^3+1))
 
3.2.66.5 Fricas [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 117, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=-\frac {3^{\frac {2}{3}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x \log \left (-3^{\frac {1}{3}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} x + x^{2} - 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) - 2 \cdot 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x \log \left (3^{\frac {1}{3}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {2}{3}} + x\right ) + 18 \, \sqrt {3} x \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, x - 1\right )}\right ) - 6 \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} \left (-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} {\left (2 \, \left (-1\right )^{\frac {1}{3}} x + 3^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}\right ) + 9 \, x \log \left (x^{2} - x + 1\right ) - 18 \, x \log \left (x + 1\right ) + 36}{108 \, x} \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(x^6+4*x^3+3),x, algorithm="fricas")
 
output
-1/108*(3^(2/3)*(-1)^(1/3)*x*log(-3^(1/3)*(-1)^(2/3)*x + x^2 - 3^(2/3)*(-1 
)^(1/3)) - 2*3^(2/3)*(-1)^(1/3)*x*log(3^(1/3)*(-1)^(2/3) + x) + 18*sqrt(3) 
*x*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x - 1)) - 6*3^(1/6)*(-1)^(1/3)*x*arctan(1/3*3^(1/ 
6)*(2*(-1)^(1/3)*x + 3^(1/3))) + 9*x*log(x^2 - x + 1) - 18*x*log(x + 1) + 
36)/x
 
3.2.66.6 Sympy [C] (verification not implemented)

Result contains complex when optimal does not.

Time = 1.17 (sec) , antiderivative size = 139, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.17 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=\frac {\log {\left (x + 1 \right )}}{6} + \left (- \frac {1}{12} - \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right ) \log {\left (x - \frac {8188128 \left (- \frac {1}{12} - \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right )^{5}}{41} + \frac {39384 \left (- \frac {1}{12} - \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right )^{2}}{41} \right )} + \left (- \frac {1}{12} + \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right ) \log {\left (x + \frac {39384 \left (- \frac {1}{12} + \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right )^{2}}{41} - \frac {8188128 \left (- \frac {1}{12} + \frac {\sqrt {3} i}{12}\right )^{5}}{41} \right )} + \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (17496 t^{3} + 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log {\left (- \frac {8188128 t^{5}}{41} + \frac {39384 t^{2}}{41} + x \right )} \right )\right )} - \frac {1}{3 x} \]

input
integrate(1/x**2/(x**6+4*x**3+3),x)
 
output
log(x + 1)/6 + (-1/12 - sqrt(3)*I/12)*log(x - 8188128*(-1/12 - sqrt(3)*I/1 
2)**5/41 + 39384*(-1/12 - sqrt(3)*I/12)**2/41) + (-1/12 + sqrt(3)*I/12)*lo 
g(x + 39384*(-1/12 + sqrt(3)*I/12)**2/41 - 8188128*(-1/12 + sqrt(3)*I/12)* 
*5/41) + RootSum(17496*_t**3 + 1, Lambda(_t, _t*log(-8188128*_t**5/41 + 39 
384*_t**2/41 + x))) - 1/(3*x)
 
3.2.66.7 Maxima [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.33 (sec) , antiderivative size = 89, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.75 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=\frac {1}{108} \cdot 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left (x^{2} - 3^{\frac {1}{3}} x + 3^{\frac {2}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{54} \cdot 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left (x + 3^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, x - 1\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{18} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} {\left (2 \, x - 3^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{3 \, x} - \frac {1}{12} \, \log \left (x^{2} - x + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{6} \, \log \left (x + 1\right ) \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(x^6+4*x^3+3),x, algorithm="maxima")
 
output
1/108*3^(2/3)*log(x^2 - 3^(1/3)*x + 3^(2/3)) - 1/54*3^(2/3)*log(x + 3^(1/3 
)) - 1/6*sqrt(3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x - 1)) + 1/18*3^(1/6)*arctan(1/3*3 
^(1/6)*(2*x - 3^(1/3))) - 1/3/x - 1/12*log(x^2 - x + 1) + 1/6*log(x + 1)
 
3.2.66.8 Giac [A] (verification not implemented)

Time = 0.30 (sec) , antiderivative size = 91, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.76 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=\frac {1}{108} \cdot 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left (x^{2} - 3^{\frac {1}{3}} x + 3^{\frac {2}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{54} \cdot 3^{\frac {2}{3}} \log \left ({\left | x + 3^{\frac {1}{3}} \right |}\right ) - \frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3} {\left (2 \, x - 1\right )}\right ) + \frac {1}{18} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{3} \cdot 3^{\frac {1}{6}} {\left (2 \, x - 3^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{3 \, x} - \frac {1}{12} \, \log \left (x^{2} - x + 1\right ) + \frac {1}{6} \, \log \left ({\left | x + 1 \right |}\right ) \]

input
integrate(1/x^2/(x^6+4*x^3+3),x, algorithm="giac")
 
output
1/108*3^(2/3)*log(x^2 - 3^(1/3)*x + 3^(2/3)) - 1/54*3^(2/3)*log(abs(x + 3^ 
(1/3))) - 1/6*sqrt(3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x - 1)) + 1/18*3^(1/6)*arctan( 
1/3*3^(1/6)*(2*x - 3^(1/3))) - 1/3/x - 1/12*log(x^2 - x + 1) + 1/6*log(abs 
(x + 1))
 
3.2.66.9 Mupad [B] (verification not implemented)

Time = 8.39 (sec) , antiderivative size = 119, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^2 \left (3+4 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx=\frac {\ln \left (x+1\right )}{6}-\frac {3^{2/3}\,\ln \left (x+3^{1/3}\right )}{54}+\ln \left (x-\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (-\frac {1}{12}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12}\right )-\ln \left (x-\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )\,\left (\frac {1}{12}+\frac {\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12}\right )-\frac {1}{3\,x}-\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/3}\,\ln \left (x-\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/3}\,3^{1/3}}{2}-\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/6}\,3^{5/6}}{2}+\frac {3^{1/3}}{2}\right )\,\left (3^{2/3}+3^{1/6}\,3{}\mathrm {i}\right )}{108}+\frac {{\left (-1\right )}^{1/3}\,3^{2/3}\,\ln \left (x+{\left (-1\right )}^{2/3}\,3^{1/3}\right )}{54} \]

input
int(1/(x^2*(4*x^3 + x^6 + 3)),x)
 
output
log(x + 1)/6 - (3^(2/3)*log(x + 3^(1/3)))/54 + log(x - (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/ 
2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/12 - 1/12) - log(x + (3^(1/2)*1i)/2 - 1/2)*((3^(1/2)*1i)/ 
12 + 1/12) - 1/(3*x) - ((-1)^(1/3)*log(x - ((-1)^(1/3)*3^(1/3))/2 - ((-1)^ 
(1/6)*3^(5/6))/2 + 3^(1/3)/2)*(3^(2/3) + 3^(1/6)*3i))/108 + ((-1)^(1/3)*3^ 
(2/3)*log(x + (-1)^(2/3)*3^(1/3)))/54